This biennial or perennial herb has finely cut feathery foliage, umbels of midsummer flowers, curved, ribbed seeds and a thick root, all with a fresh anise seed flavor. The seeds are chewed to allay hunger and ease indigestion. They are brewed for constipation, to increase breast milk and regulate menstruation, with root extract, they are detoxifying and diuretic.
Research indicates Fennel helps repair the liver after alcohol damage. Seed and leaf steam aids deep skin cleansing, and the essential oil is used in a muscle-toning massage. Fennel oil should not be used by epileptics or young children.
To help with indigestion and gas, pour boiling water over crushed fennel seeds (one teaspoon seed to a pint of water). The seeds are simmered in syrups for coughs, shortness of breath and wheezing. Powdered fennel seeds repel fleas from pets' sleeping quarters. Place fennel inside a fish when you cook it to make it more digestible. The seeds and root help clean the liver, spleen, gall bladder, and blood. The leaves and seeds when boiled with barley increase breast milk. The tea and broth of this herb are said to help in weight loss programs.
Fennel is eaten in salads, soups, and breads. Fennel oil mixed with honey can be taken for coughs, and the tea is used as a gargle. The oil is eaten with honey to allay gas and it is applied externally to rheumatic swellings. The seeds are boiled to make an eye wash: use one half teaspoon of seed per cup of water, three times a day, and be sure to strain carefully before use.
Fennel is another estrogenic herb that has been used for centuries to promote milk production. You can use it in bust-enhancement tea to complement fenugreek seed.
The name Fennel came from the Roman word, Foeniculum and is derived from the Latin word, foenum meaning hay (to describe it's sweet scent).
The Fennel plant is also responsible for the world marathon as we know it today. In 490BC a battle between the Athenians and Persians was fought in a fennel laden field outside a village named Marathon. A long distance runner made the 25 mile journey to warn the city of Athens, and it is his endeavor that was the birth of the marathon run as we know it.
Another Greek legend revolves around Prometheus. In an angry gesture Zeus extinguished all fires on Earth leaving man cold and defenceless. In an act of compassion Prometheus stole a glowing coal from Hestia's Hearth and hid it in a hollow fennel stalk, returning it to mankind.
Hardly surprising then that in magickal and folklore fennel is considered to be an herb of strength and courage. In medieval times Fennel and St Johns Wort were combined to protect one against witchcraft and other evil influences, and was hung on doors on Midsummer's Eve to ward off evil spirits. Bunches of Fennel were hung from raters to bring good luck, and the seeds were placed in keyholes to prevent evil from entering.
As a healing herb it provides a nourishing energy which is soothing, calming and reassuring. It helps the body to detoxify by stimulating the liver and bladder.
Fennel has a long history as a weight loss herb. William Coles, in Nature's Paradise (1650) affirms that -
'both the seeds, leaves and root of our Garden Fennel are much used in drinks and broths for those that are grown fat, to abate their unwieldiness and cause them to grow more gaunt and lank.'
The Romans chewed fennel stalks in the belief that it would control obesity, and it was often employed by those on religious fasts as an appetite suppressant. Fennel can be incorporated into any magickal weight loss regime, or as part of a purification and detox diet.
Magickal Use: Fennel is used for protection, purification & healing; wards off negativity and evil and is generally grown near homes for this reason - potent against spells, terrors and the invisible menace.
Fennel is delicious, and really should be part of every pantry for health, ritual and cooking.